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PHYSICAL FEATURES OF PLANETS
The Sun-the Prime Star |
Diameter: |
8,65,000 miles |
Mass: |
About 330,000 times the mass of the Earth. |
Mean Distance from the Earth: |
93 million miles |
Colour: |
White |
Intensity: |
About 50,000 Candle Power per sq.cm. of Sun's surface. |
Size: |
About 1 lakh times as large as Earth. |
Direction of Rotation: |
From West to East. |
Axis of Rotation: |
At 70o to the axis of the ecliptic at points of Longitude 75o and 255o |
Speed of Rotation: |
Not Uniform |
Contents of the Sun: |
Hydrogen, Helium, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, Sulphur, Iron, Zinc,Nickel and copper in the form of gases. |
Travel Period for the invisible Radiation to reach the Earth: |
A journey of 91 million miles |
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The Moon-the Earth's Satellite |
Linear Diameter: |
About 2163 miles |
Angular Diameter: |
30o per hour |
Mass: |
1/81 times that of Earth |
Distance from Earth: |
2,40,000 miles. |
Surface Temperature: |
Over 150o in day time- As low as 50o in night |
Content: |
30% is Iron |
(1) The Moon does not shine itself. It shines in the light it receives from the Sun.
(2) The Moon is a Satellite on Earth. It moves around the Earth.
(3) The Moon reflects only 7% of the light it receives from the Sun.
(4) There is no trace of water.
(5) There is no appreciable atmosphere surrounding the lunar surface.
(6) The Lunar surface is rough and irregular.
(7) The Moon is a dead world.
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The Mercury - the Smallest Planet |
Equatorial Diameter: |
3,000 miles |
Relative Mass: |
.037 |
Mean Distance from the Sun: |
36 million miles or 39 astronaumical units |
Period of Rotation: |
58.65 days (Mean Solar Units) |
Period of Revolution: |
88 days (Mean Solar Units) |
Velocity of Escape: |
2.4 Miles per Sec. |
Albedo: |
14 |
Satellite: |
Nil |
Average Temperature: |
400oC Day/-273oC night |
Direction of Rotation: |
From West to East |
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The Venus |
Equatorial Diameter: |
7,500 miles |
Relative Mass: |
.826 |
Mean Distance from the Sun: |
67.2 million miles or 72 astronaumical units |
Period of Rotation: |
243 days (Mean Solar Units) |
Period of Revolution: |
225 days (Mean Solar Units) |
Velocity of Escape: |
6.5 Miles per Sec. |
Albedo: |
76 |
Satellite: |
Nil |
Average Temperature: |
400oC |
Direction of Rotation: |
From East to West (opposite to that of other Planets) |
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The Mars |
Equatorial Diameter: |
4,300 miles |
Relative Mass: |
.108 |
Mean Distance from the Sun: |
141.7 million miles or 152 astronaumical units |
Period of Rotation: |
24 h-37m-23 Y (Mean Solar Units) |
Period of Revolution: |
681 days (Mean Solar Units) |
Velocity of Escape: |
3.2 Miles per Sec. |
Albedo: |
15 |
Satellite: |
2 nos. Phobos and Deimos meaning Terror and Fear |
Average Temperature: |
Between -65o and 10oC |
Direction of Rotation: |
From West to East |
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Jupiter-the Largest Planet |
Equatorial Diameter: |
88,700 miles |
Relative Mass: |
318.4 |
Mean Distance from the Sun: |
483.3 million miles or 5.2 astronaumical units |
Period of Rotation: |
4 h -50 m-305 y (Mean Solar Units) 9h-55m-545 y |
Period of Revolution: |
11.86 years (Mean Solar Units) |
Velocity of Escape: |
38 Miles per Sec |
Albedo: |
44 |
Satellite: |
13 nos. |
Average Temperature: |
-140o |
Direction of Rotation: |
From West to East |
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The Saturn-the Second Largest Planet |
Equatorial Diameter: |
88,700 miles |
Relative Mass: |
318.4 |
Mean Distance from the Sun: |
886.1 million miles or 9.54 astronaumical units |
Period of Rotation: |
10 h -16 m |
(Mean Solar Units) |
10 h -38 m |
Period of Revolution: |
29.45years(10,759 days) (Mean Solar Units) |
Velocity of Escape: |
23 Miles per Sec. |
Albedo: |
.71 |
Satellite: |
9 nos. |
Average Temperature: |
-155o |
Direction of Rotation: |
From West to East |
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Rahu and Ketu |
Rahu and Ketu have no physical existence at all. The Lunar Orbit is at an angle of about 5o8 i to the Ecliptic and its eccentricity is 1/18.The two points of intersection of the Lunar Orbit and Ecliptic are called the Nodes. The point where the Moon crosses the Ecliptic in going north is called the "Ascending Node" .In astrolgy,it is called" Rahu" and is regarded as a Planet. The other Point where the Moon crosses the Ecliptic in going South is called the "Descending Node" In astrolgy,it is called" Ketu" and is regarded as a Planet. These Planets are also called "Shadow Planets". |
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